Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health concern, contributing to maternal morbidity, preterm birth, and low birth weight. This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and determinants of anemia among 1,000 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in urban slums. Hemoglobin levels were measured, and socio-demographic, nutritional, and obstetric factors were assessed through structured interviews. Results revealed a prevalence of anemia of 48%, with iron deficiency (35%), inadequate dietary intake, multiparity, and low socioeconomic status identified as significant predictors (p<0.01). Women receiving iron-folic acid supplementation and nutritional counseling showed lower anemia prevalence. Findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions, including supplementation, dietary education, and improved access to antenatal care to reduce anemia-related complications in vulnerable populations.

Keywords:
Anemia, Pregnancy, Iron Deficiency, Urban Health, Public Health