Depression among elderly populations is a significant public health concern with profound implications for quality of life and healthcare utilization. This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and determinants of depression among 700 adults aged 65 years and above residing in urban areas. Data collection involved structured interviews, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and assessment of sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, physical activity levels, and social support networks. Findings indicated a prevalence of 29% for clinically significant depressive symptoms. Risk factors significantly associated with depression included social isolation, chronic medical conditions, low socioeconomic status, limited physical activity, and lack of engagement in community activities (p<0.05). Protective factors identified included regular social interaction, participation in physical exercise, and access to mental health services. The study highlights the need for community-based mental health programs, social support interventions, and policy measures that address the psychosocial needs of urban elderly populations to reduce the burden of depression.

Keywords:
Depression, Elderly, Urban Health, Risk Factors, Mental Health, Public Health