Health literacy plays a critical role in patients’ ability to manage chronic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. This cross-sectional study assessed the level of health literacy and its impact on disease management among 1,000 adults attending urban primary healthcare centers. Data were collected using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), medical records, and self-reported adherence to medication and lifestyle modifications. Results indicated that 42% of participants had limited health literacy, which was significantly associated with poor medication adherence, uncontrolled blood pressure, and higher HbA1c levels (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis identified education level, socioeconomic status, and access to health information as key determinants of health literacy. The study underscores the need for targeted health education programs, simplified patient communication, and community engagement strategies to improve chronic disease outcomes.

Keywords:
Health Literacy, Chronic Disease, Medication Adherence, Public Health, Patient Education